Is Bending Over Bad For My Lower Back?

If you are confused about the right way to bend over then you are not alone.  So “is bending over bad for my lower back?” you ask. Here we give you the latest on bending and your lower back.
The simple answer is no and this can be backed up by some recent research.  A large research study has found there is no relationship between spinal flexion (bending forward) during lifting and lower back pain (Saraceni et al, 2020). This means that awkwardly trying to squat using only your legs when lifting an object might not be necessary. We know that the lower back is built to bend. It is designed to bend forward and more than capable of lifting objects. This means we no longer have to avoid this movement or bend forward fearfully, we can do so with confidence.
However, there is a reason why bending our back has gotten so much “bad press”. Here are a few important factors that may influence the risk of a lower back injury when bending forwards. 
  1. Too Heavy – Lifting a heavy object that we are not accustomed to lifting. If our bodies and tissues have not been appropriately prepared to manage a load, it may increase the risk of injury. Using your legs in a squat motion can be helpful to take some load off the lower back muscles, but ultimately it may still overload structures in the body. It would be like sprinting 100 meters as fast as you can when you have not trained for any form of running in years.
  2. Too Long – The general increase in time spent sitting among the world population has gotten a lot of attention in recent years. This is a result of modern lifestyles being more sedentary and occupations requiring us to do more sitting related work. Spending too much time in any posture can cause stiffness and decondition our bodies. We need to move as regularly as possible.  I emphasise that it is not the bending movement, but the time spent in that position that is the contributing factor.
  3. Too Soon – Following a recent acute lower back injury it may be wise to avoid some aggravating movements. Often with lower back injuries, the aggravating movements involve prolonged sitting and heavy lifting. It might be important to avoid these for a period of time, but always intend to reintroduce these movements at a later stage.

low back pain Lower back pain

This does not mean we will never hurt our backs flexing forward. It merely means flexing forward will not increase our risk of lower back pain or injury. So what can you do to improve your lower back flexion:
  1. Try some extension. Moving in the opposite direction can often provide a useful stretch and help stimulate the opposing muscles to encourage more holistic muscle function.
  2. Move more regularly through the full range of motion. I often advise patients to regularly bend all the way back (stretch your arms up to the sky) and all the way forward (try to touch your toes) to improve circulation. Motion is lotion.
  3. Prepare for lifting. If your work or home life does require you to lift heavy objects, you need to prepare yourself appropriately. Firstly, get an idea of the weight you need to lift and the frequency of lifting. Next, do some exercises to strengthen and prepare the muscles for the task at hand. Lastly, try performing a quick warm-up before lifting, this can be a simple rehearsal of the movement without weight or with a lighter weight to prepare your body. Remember to space the activity out as much as possible. Instead of doing all the lifting in one session try to spread it over a few hours or days to avoid fatigue.

 low back pain

So we hope you now know the answer next time you ask yourself – is bending over bad for my lower back? At City Physiotherapy, we can prescribe exercises to assist in strengthening your lower back and help you to improve your spinal flexion capacity. Please give us a call or make an online booking if you would like some assistance in flexing your back with confidence.   
Saraceni, N., Kent, P., Ng, L., Campbell, A., Straker, L. and O’Sullivan, P., 2020. To Flex or Not to Flex? Is There a Relationship Between Lumbar Spine Flexion During Lifting and Low Back Pain? A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 50(3), pp.121-130.
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